Richard Dolan explains how the state makes use of propaganda to achieve specific ends that would otherwise be impossible to justify. To do this, he takes us back to ancient times to explore the earliest forms of false flags, so that we can gain a better understanding of how this phenomenon developed. From the great fire of Rome in 64 AD to the Gunpowder plot of 1605, we see how governments can engineer nefarious acts against their people, or take opportune action, solely to benefit those in power. Most importantly, we gain an understanding of how the state makes use of propaganda to achieve specific ends that would otherwise be impossible to justify.

• Richard Dolan